gh-144601: Avoid sharing exception objects raised in a PyInit function across multiple interpreters

[ZeroIntensity]

• Issue: Extensions that raise exceptions in their PyInit* cause a crash in subinterpreters #144601

[encukou]

Looks good!

[miss-islington-app]

Thanks @ZeroIntensity for the PR, and @encukou for merging it 🌮🎉.. I'm working now to backport this PR to: 3.13, 3.14.
🐍🍒⛏🤖

[miss-islington-app]

Sorry, @ZeroIntensity and @encukou, I could not cleanly backport this to 3.13 due to a conflict.
Please backport using cherry_picker on command line.

cherry_picker fd6b639a49dd1143c6fd8729fc49f17b3114a965 3.13

[bedevere-app]

GH-144633 is a backport of this pull request to the 3.14 branch.

[bedevere-bot]

⚠️⚠️⚠️ Buildbot failure ⚠️⚠️⚠️

Hi! The buildbot s390x Fedora Stable Clang Installed 3.x (tier-3) has failed when building commit fd6b639.

What do you need to do:

1. Don't panic.
2. Check the buildbot page in the devguide if you don't know what the buildbots are or how they work.
3. Go to the page of the buildbot that failed (https://buildbot.python.org/#/builders/1645/builds/2096) and take a look at the build logs.
4. Check if the failure is related to this commit (fd6b639) or if it is a false positive.
5. If the failure is related to this commit, please, reflect that on the issue and make a new Pull Request with a fix.

You can take a look at the buildbot page here:

https://buildbot.python.org/#/builders/1645/builds/2096

Summary of the results of the build (if available):

Click to see traceback logs

fatal: unable to access 'https://github.com/python/cpython.git/': The requested URL returned error: 502

chmod: cannot access 'target/': No such file or directory

make: *** No rule to make target 'distclean'.  Stop.

[encukou]

GitHub is having issues; that builder got a 502 Bad Gateway.

[bedevere-bot]

⚠️⚠️⚠️ Buildbot failure ⚠️⚠️⚠️

Hi! The buildbot AMD64 Fedora Stable Clang Installed 3.x (tier-2) has failed when building commit fd6b639.

What do you need to do:

1. Don't panic.
2. Check the buildbot page in the devguide if you don't know what the buildbots are or how they work.
3. Go to the page of the buildbot that failed (https://buildbot.python.org/#/builders/350/builds/9323) and take a look at the build logs.
4. Check if the failure is related to this commit (fd6b639) or if it is a false positive.
5. If the failure is related to this commit, please, reflect that on the issue and make a new Pull Request with a fix.

You can take a look at the buildbot page here:

https://buildbot.python.org/#/builders/350/builds/9323

Summary of the results of the build (if available):

Click to see traceback logs

fatal: unable to access 'https://github.com/python/cpython.git/': The requested URL returned error: 502

chmod: cannot access 'target/': No such file or directory

make: *** No rule to make target 'distclean'.  Stop.